The human gut microbiota is composed by trillions of bacteria, viruses and fungi living in symbiosis with the host and playing a central role in human life. The huge knowledge that we have gained in only two decades since the advent of culture independent techniques, has brought gut microbiota in central stage in the field of medical sciences. Gut dysbiosis participates in the pathogenesis of several intestinal and extra-intestinal diseases including inflammatory bowel disease, diverticular disease, celiac disease, and disorders of gut-brain interaction, neuropsychiatric and metabolic disorders. Nonetheless, we are still in the ascending phase of the knowledge curve in this field and many gaps remain in our understanding.

It is time for the clinician to take advantage of the potential of microbiota-related diagnostic tools and gut microbiota-based dietary, natural and pharmacological approaches including prebiotics, probiotics, postbiotics, antibiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation. The translation of gut microbiota modulation therapies in clinical practice requires an accurate evaluation of their efficacy, risks and long- term effects.

The participants in the 1^st International School of Gut Microbiota in Digestive Disease will have the opportunity to interact with key opinion leaders that will serve as faculty in this unique event.